Wednesday 2 November 2011

Deductive Logic, Warren Goldfarb, Hackett Publishing, 2003, Part IV, Exercise 5(a), p. 285

We are asked to show, using the laws of identity, that (∃x)Fxa and (x)¬ Fxb together imply ¬ (a = b). In the original example, a and b are respectively y and z, but I have used the first letters of the alphabet to indicate clearly that they are constants rather than unbound variables. We can proceed in a number of ways. I use indirect proof.
  1. (∃x)Fxa
  2. (x)¬ Fxb
  3. ¬ (a = b)
  4. * ¬ ¬ (a = b) ......... AIP
  5. * a = b ......... 4 DN
  6. * (∃x)Fxb ......... 1,5 Id
  7. * Fmb ......... 6 EI x/m
  8. * ¬ Fmb ......... 2 UI x/m
  9. * Fmb ¬ Fmb ......... 7,8 Conj.
  10. ¬ ¬ ¬ (a = b) ......... 4-9 IP
  11. ¬ (a = b) ......... 10 DN


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