Tuesday, 18 October 2011

The Logic Book, M. Bergmann, J. Moor, J. Nelson, McGraw Hill, 2004, 10.4E, 1(a), p. 553

We have to derive: (x)Ax ≡ (x)(Ax • Ax). We start by making an assumption:
  1. * (x)Ax ......... ACP
  2. * Ax ......... 1 UI
  3. * Ax ......... 2 Rep.
  4. * Ax • Ax ......... 2,3 Conj.
  5. * (x)(Ax • Ax) ......... 4 UG
  6. (x)Ax (x)(Ax • Ax) ......... 1-5 CP
  7. * (x)(Ax • Ax) ......... ACP
  8. * Ax • Ax ......... 7 UI
  9. * Ax ......... Simp.
  10. * (x)Ax ......... 9 UG
  11. (x)(Ax • Ax) ⊃(x)Ax ......... 7-10 CP
  12. [(x)Ax (x)(Ax • Ax)] • [(x)(Ax • Ax) ⊃(x)Ax] ......... 6,11 Conj.
  13. (x)Ax ≡ (x)(Ax • Ax) ......... 12 BE

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